test(server): cover provider startup failure diagnostics

Add takeover tests for issue-5943 using real immediately exiting Claude and Codex child fixtures. Cover exit codes and bounded short or oversized stderr diagnostics; Claude assertions include the user-facing failure message. These tests intentionally fail on the base implementation.

Model: gpt-6.1-sol. Harness: Codex.
87b879bea1Julius Marminge committed on 10/21/2026, 8:43:51 AMparenta003b73

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