docs: Add Elixir docs for debug adapter support (#63116)

# Objective

The Elixir extension has been shipping ElixirLS's debug adapter for a
while now. This finally documents it, providing examples on how to use
it with Zed too.

This also includes information about how the extension activates the
language servers/debug adapter, and an assortment of other minor changes

## Self-Review Checklist:

- [x] I've reviewed my own diff for quality, security, and reliability
- [ ] Unsafe blocks (if any) have justifying comments
- [ ] The content adheres to Zed's UI standards
([UX/UI](https://github.com/zed-industries/zed/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md#uiux-checklist)
and
[icon](https://github.com/zed-industries/zed/blob/main/crates/icons/README.md)
guidelines)
- [ ] Tests cover the new/changed behavior
- [ ] Performance impact has been considered and is acceptable

---

Release Notes:

- N/A

---------

Co-authored-by: Finn Evers <finn.evers@outlook.de>
b9d1fe5928AltCode committed on 8/24/2026, 10:21:35 AM· committed by GitHubparent4c4b19a
1 file changedLine totals unavailable